2026-08-14T22:16:49Z https://gasrjournal.com/oai/?metadataPrefix=oai_dc&verb=ListRecords

oai:gasrjournal.com:393065 2018-12-30 gasr

Chomsky's Contribution to Linguistics: A Review Amna Mushtaq Touqir Nasir Sonia Touqir Cognition Language Faculty Universal Grammar Principles and Parameters Transformational Generative Grammar Phrase Structure Rules Transformations This review seeks to highlight Chomsky's major contributions to the field of linguistics. He changed linguists' conception about the nature of language from an externalized to internalized approach. This shift also resulted in the language being thought of as a cognitive phenomenon rather than as a set of structures to be analyzed for their correctness or incorrectness to prove his stance introduced the concept of language faculty, its workings, Universal Grammar, Principles and Parameters, and Transformational and Generative Grammar. The TGG also significantly overhauled the existent phrase structure rules. These rules were brought to follow binarity principles that dictated that a node cannot have less than or more than two branches. Besides the concept of Universal Grammar, along with its principles and parameters, Chomsky simplified how the language acquisition process can be understood: instead of learning hundreds of rules, the human mind has to install a handful of principles and parameters. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Sociology, The Women University Multan, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Sr. Mechanical Engineer, Korea South-East Power Company, Azad Jamu & Kashmir, Pakistan. MA English, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2018-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/chomskys-contribution-to-linguistics-a-review https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2018(I-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393066 2018-12-30 gasr

Urbanization in Punjab due to the Establishment of the Canal Colonies Sajjad Akhter Asma Sikandar Canal Colonies Urbanization Punjab Multan The study determined the object to explore the dynamics of change, occurred due to the establishment of canal irrigation under colonial administration. The research work has suggested the shift in patterns of agriculture under the scheme of settlement along with a new irrigation system. The additional trade pattern was based upon the exchange of raw material with the finished goods from abroad, particularly from the United Kingdom, which also drove the new phase of social development in the lives of the people of this region. In the Canal Colonies in British Punjab, the British government tried its level best to increase the production of crops to fulfil the gap between supply and demand. The conflict arose between the past and present dominant classes. The study also emphasized its basic objective to explore the ratio of development in the District Multan due to the establishment of the Sidhnai Canal Colony. The district remained prominent always in the past and even under British rule just due to its central geographical position. The perennial Canal system and the scheme of Sidhnai Canal Colony changed the whole landscape and economy of the Multan District, which had a far-reaching impact on the lives of the people of this region. Humanity Publications Doctoral Research Scholar, Department of Pakistan Studies, Bahauddin Zakriya University Multan, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Doctoral Research Scholar, Department of Pakistan Studies, Bahauddin Zakriya University Multan, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2018-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/urbanization-in-punjab-due-to-the-establishment-of-the-canal-colonies https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2018(I-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393067 2018-12-30 gasr

The Birth of a Social Movement: A Case Study of Pashtun Tehfuz (Protection Movement) Javed Mehsud Baha Ul Haq Ikram Badshah Social Movement Conflict Terrorism Jirga Social movements emerge in all parts of the world due to feelings of discrimination, oppression, and exploitation by any dominated or powerful group. These movements are directed, purposeful, dimensional and sometimes spontaneous towards achieving the social, political and economic cause[s]. Pashtun Protection Movement emerged from miseries, atrocities, humiliation on the hands of combating groups, unnecessary checking at security check posts, bloodshed spreading in the area during sixteen years of militancy, and security operations in North and South Waziristan. The movement is both present physically on the ground and as well in cyberspace in the form of a social media campaign. Methodologically, the research was designed to collect data from extensive fieldwork during the protest movement organized under the title of Pashtun Protection Movement across the country. Data was enriched through participant observation, and analysis was done through content analysis via poetic expression in Pashtu and other movement legacies. Humanity Publications Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2018-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/the-birth-of-a-social-movement-a-case-study-of-pashtun-tehfuz-protection-movement https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2018(I-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393068 2018-12-30 gasr

Male Bodies, Women's Souls: Personal Narratives of Beauty Salons Workers in Pakistan Riaz Ahmad Muazzmi Shahid Iqbal Kiran Khan Transgender Gender Categories Beauty Salons Gender Pakistan The current study is conducted in Lahore, Pakistan. Through this study, an effort has been made for analyzing the relationship between embodiment, subjectivity, and labour activity involving beauty salons workers. To comprehend the objective of the study, researchers have selected thirteen respondents through purposive and networking sampling technique, and informal interview/ discussion method has been used as a tool for the collection of data. It observed that bodies have a role to play in the power relations and in the various discourses producing the abnormal and normal bodies in the society, leading to establishing the intelligibility of the body by the gender categories. For producing one's subjectivity, the body also has an active role to play. The intelligibility of the binary gender matrix considers transgender people abnormal, making them prone to be discriminated against, socially excluded and stigmatized. Considering the labour opportunities, the observation is that the physical bodies of these people (working in beauty salons) create obstacles for attaining any formal jobs and position in the family and society. Therefore, for their survival, they choose such professions which provide the space for the subjective interpretation of their body. Humanity Publications Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2018-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/male-bodies-womens-souls-personal-narratives-of-beauty-salons-workers-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2018(I-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393069 2018-12-30 gasr

The Symbolic View of Cockfighting: A Study among the Cock Fighters of Mianwali, Pakistan Sufyan Arshad Aneela Sultana Kiran Cockfighting Symbolism Masculinity Cultural Construction Social Identity Cockfighting being an uncommon old sport, is deep-seated in various rural areas of Pakistan. This study investigates the cultural and symbolic comprehension and significance of cockfighting by examining the whole process of the fight. This research was conducted in the rural areas of the Mianwali district as the activity commonly practised in secret areas. The main objectives of the study were to systematically analyze the procedures involved in the fight and exploring the underneath symbolic role of the sport in the area by using qualitative methods. Thirty cockfighters and trainers were selected and informally interviewed during the fieldwork duration. The findings of the study revealed that people of the area view cockfighting under the influence of cultural construction and follow the legacy of their elders. The social identity and symbolism involved in the fight have strengthened the status of the activity. It provides a sense of prestige and social identity to its practitioners, proving the notion of masculinity. Humanity Publications Research Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Research Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2018-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/the-symbolic-view-of-cockfighting-a-study-among-the-cock-fighters-of-mianwali-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2018(I-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393070 2019-12-30 gasr

Impact of Punitive Supervision on Employee Performance: Employees Exhaustion as a Mediating Role in The Hospitality Sector of Pakistan Shahzadi Sattar Danish Mushtaq Amna Mushtaq Punitive Supervision Employee Performance Employees Exhaustion Hospitality Pakistan The deliberate, cognizant utilization of animosity (as an operant) to shape and control the reactions of subordinates and increase consistency with orders, hierarchical guidelines and casual standards is known as punitive supervision. In this study, we investigate the relationship between punitive supervision and employee performance by using employee exhaustion as a mediating role in the model. The target population in the investigation is the hospitality sector, including hotels and restaurants in south Punjab. The research was quantitative in nature. We developed a questionnaire from existing literature. The research sector of the survey was the Hospitality sector, and we choose a management level of the hotel industry. The framework of the investigation has proposed the search out the outcomes of the punitive supervision in the hospitality sector of Pakistan. In this study, the model was developed according to the social exchange theory. Punitive supervision is a newly developed concept. The results recommend that if the supervisor has behavior negatively then the employee was exhausted, and in the resultants, the performance of the employee was decreased. Humanity Publications Lecturer Department of Business Administration, NFC IET, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of Business Administration, NFC IET, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer Department of Sociology, Women University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2019-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/impact-of-punitive-supervision-on-employee-performance-employees-exhaustion-as-a-mediating-role-in-the-hospitality-sector-of-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2019(II-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393071 2019-12-30 gasr

Ethnographic Study On Preservation Of Jamia Masjid Rawalpindi Faiza Khatoon Preservation Conservation Visual ethnography This paper is about preservation activities, especially the old mosque in Rawalpindi. Ethnography study has not been much of the focus point of academic research; the aim of the researcher was not only to promote visual ethnography but also preserve them in writing and photography the old Jamia Masjid of the Rawalpindi, for preservation programs are approaches to reproduction, restoration, maintenance, redevelopment, rehabilitation and consolidation. The study is descriptive in nature. The descriptive study refers to the way of studying contributors in a valid and precised manner. This study helps to an obliging contribution in anthropological literature. Scope of the study heritage and artefacts provide the basis for culture to have its own indigenous identity. The material artefacts need preservation which will educate the upcoming generation. Humanity Publications Student, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2019-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/ethnographic-study-on-preservation-of-jamia-masjid-rawalpindi https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2019(II-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393072 2019-12-30 gasr

Ethnicity, Ethnic Food And Diabetes Mellitus Type-II Fareeha Sarwar Ethnicity Ethnic foods Eating habits of diabetes Mellitus Type-II patient Ethnic Treatment Ethnicity is the identity of an individual with respect to its culture, religion, ancestral pattern, norms and values, which by a person can give its identification. People of the same ethnicity lives together, becomes their group. The similarities or differences of people in their cultures can be languages, food, rituals, nationality, norms, and values that identify their ethnicity. In ethnic groups, Diabetes Mellitus Type-II is becoming very common. Diabetes type-II is a global disease nowadays, but in some ethnic groups, it is at higher risk, like in Africans, Hispanics and Native Americans. Some ethnic group have their specific ethnic foods. For this, the descriptive methodology has been used for the collection of data, including methods of an in-depth interview. From this above discussion, it has been concluded that some ethnic groups are at high risk of diabetes type 2, and some ethnic foods, which include those ingredients which are the risk factors of diabetes type II, should not be taken to reduce the risk of Diabetes type-II. Humanity Publications Pir Mehar Ali Shah – Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2019-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/ethnicity-ethnic-food-and-diabetes-mellitus-typeii https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2019(II-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393073 2019-12-30 gasr

Gender, Marital Status and Disease Profile: A Case Study of Older's Wellbeing Aftab Ahmed Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Gerontology Aging Gender and Marital Status Disease and Aging Aging and Women Gender and Aging Pakistan's aging population is increasing daily. This paper uncovered the comparative relationship between marital status and disease manifestation among older persons. Maximum participation of older persons was in category 66-70 years. Data reveals; widowed women were suffering more as compared to older men of same age. The percentile reflects that 68.8 percent of women were hypertensive, 57.1 percent had heart problems, 70.6 percent suffered diabetes, 66.7 percent were affected by arthritis, 62.5 percent faced asthma issues and 40.9 percent were caught by other diseases. The study concludes that women in older age need more attention and care for their wellbeing. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Sociology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Chairman/ Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2019-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/gender-marital-status-and-disease-profile-a-case-study-of-olders-wellbeing https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2019(II-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393074 2019-12-30 gasr

Impact of Islamic Leadership on Islamic Work Ethics: Islamic HR Practices as a Mediating Role in the Islamic Banking Sector of Pakistan Shahzadi Sattar Rahila Arshad Islamic Leadership Islamic Work Ethics HR Practices Islamic Banking Pakistan Leadership concept can be an approached through various points of view, including administrative, army, community, spiritual, or business perspectives. Islamic banking is also known as by name non-enthusiasm banking, the bank is dependent on Islamic or Sharia law standards, and the guidance is provided by Islamic financial matters. Data compiled from performance appraisal models help in the compensation roles and progression of the employee's career. The study's framework has proposed to find out the outcomes of the Islamic leadership in the banking sector of Pakistan. In this study, the model developed according to the social exchange theory. Islamic leadership is a newly developed concept. In this study, we contribute practically to the literature in which Islamic leadership was a newly developed concept in the research. This study concludes that Islamic leadership has a positive relationship with Islamic human resource practices, and Islamic work ethic plays a mediating role. The results recommend that if the supervisor has direction influenced by the Islamic way with the Islamic human resource practices in the organization and the resultants, the Islamic work ethics would be promoted. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Business Administration, NFC IET, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of Business Administration, NFC IET, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2019-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/impact-of-islamic-leadership-on-islamic-work-ethics-islamic-hr-practices-as-a-mediating-role-in-the-islamic-banking-sector-of-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2019(II-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393075 2020-12-30 gasr

Exploring the Absurdity of War and International Aid in the Novel 'Red Birds' by Mohammad Hanif: A Critical Discourse Analysis Touqir Nasir Amna Mushtaq Aneela Sultana War International Aid 'Red Birds' Discourse Analysis Discourse is a wide-ranging term to cover many forms of human utterances and textual forms of communication. Development through multiple stages gave birth to CDA which bridges the micro-structure of linguistic choices to macro-structures of social reality. Theorists like Van Dijk, Fairclough, and Fowler contributed to its development with the foundation provided by Halliday's SFL. The qualitative research endeavors to analyze 'Red Birds', a novel written by Mohammad Hanif under Huckin's model of CDA to highlight the absurdity of war and international aid. The three dimensions of Fairclough's model are at the background of Huckin's model. The analysis has been carried out at three levels i.e. broad level, sentence level, and word level. A well-thought analysis reveals the nature of war in a region where there is nothing to destroy. It has also been concluded that the aid programs are nothing more than 'making them orphan and then adopting them' which clearly runs incongruous to the spirit of aid. Humanity Publications Sr. Mechanical Engineer, Korea South-East Power Company, Azad Jamu & Kashmir, Pakistan. Lecturer, The Women University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/exploring-the-absurdity-of-war-and-international-aid-in-the-novel-red-birds-by-mohammad-hanif-a-critical-discourse-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2020(III-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393076 2020-12-30 gasr

Cultural Predicting Food Myths in the Northern Punjab of Pakistan: The Belief and Practice of Mothers in their Region, A Qualitative exploration Arslan Yousaf Laraib Arshad Culture Food Myths Perception Socio-ecological Punjab The purpose of this study was to determine the cultural role of food myths, people's perceptions of socioecological food pattern and their tales. Myths and food play an important role in culture and lifestyle. How they seek satisfaction from the related socio-ecological foods. People use their cultural myths every day in life, significantly older generations in rural areas. The wider description of food myths and health are investigating the generally used traditional approach that tends to take a more reductionist approach to food myth and health. The various powwow on food myths and health are being explored related to ethical issues of personalized nutrition diet and fitness. Ethnographic methods were used to conducted interviews in Alipur village of Punjab. Survey data were collected from 40 randomly selected household heads from one village, and in-depth interviews were conducted with 26 household heads who shared cultural practices about food myths. Humanity Publications M.sc Student, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. M.sc Student, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/cultural-predicting-food-myths-in-the-northern-punjab-of-pakistan-the-belief-and-practice-of-mothers-in-their-region-a-qualitative-exploration https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2020(III-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393077 2020-12-30 gasr

Lego-political Judicial Institution "Panchayat", A Journey from Colonial to Postcolonial Times Riaz Ahmad Muazzmi Amir Zia Ghyas Ahmad Muazzmi Judicial Institution Colonial Postcolonial Judicial Structure Panchayat Judicial Practice Panchayat is a traditional judicial institute mostly remained in practice for centuries in various regions of Punjab. The transformation of traditional platforms into a Lego-political judicial institution has to be seen as the politics of judicial dispensation. The research is an attempt to investigate how political order is maintained through legal cover in social cosmos. The village Panchayat has been an important institution which disposes of numerous disputes/issues for maintenance of power structure. What are the reasons that still support both systems to work contemporarily? There may be clashes of justice in some cases but the law only supports the legal justice system with all its errors and flaws. Why is this injustice with the justice system? As in many countries like India and Bengal both systems have legal recognition. If the traditional justice system is no more working institution then why is this system still working? Humanity Publications Department of Anthropology, Qauid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of Pakistan Studies, Qauid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of Sociology, Qauid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/legopolitical-judicial-institution-panchayat-a-journey-from-colonial-to-postcolonial-times https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2020(III-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393078 2020-12-30 gasr

Children's Schooling and Parental Migration: Empirical Evidence on the 'Left-behind' Generation in Pakistan Shahid Iqbal Anwaar Mohyuddin Riaz Ahmad Muazzmi Children's Schooling Parental Migration Left Behind Pakistan This study examines the long-term effects of parental international migration on the schooling of children left behind in Pakistan. Although parents' migration usually benefits children economically but the lack of parental care may cause relational and psychological problems that may affect children's welfare in the long term. The locale of the present study is district Gujrat where the labor migration is considered as the best viable way to cope with an increasing poverty and the scarcity of public resources for sustaining households' incomes. To gain the objectives of the study, a mix methods approach has been used for the collection and analysis of data. In the present study the impact of migration on the education of the children was measured through their enrolment in school, type of institution and level of investment on education, dropout from the school, level of achievement. The results show that parental migration has a positive impact on the enrolment of children and investment on education, but it has negative impact on the dropout and level of achievement especially in case of boys. Humanity Publications Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/childrens-schooling-and-parental-migration-empirical-evidence-on-the-leftbehind-generation-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2020(III-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393079 2020-12-30 gasr

Socio-Cultural Implications of Son Preference: A Case of Danyor, Gilgit Aneela Sultana Gulfam Divorce Son Preference Patriarchy Gender Discrimination Abortion Short Birth Interval The study deals with the dilemma of son preference and its causes and consequences. The fieldwork was conducted in village 'Danyor' in Gilgit-Baltistan, for the period of six months. Socio-economic survey was conducted from seventy-five households, detailed in-depth interviews were taken from thirty respondents in addition to 35 case studies. The field findings revealed the prevailing perceptions are sons as powerful and socially strong, owner and successor of family property, old age security for parents, symbol of prestige, custodian of family strength and honor etc. On the contrary, daughters are considered as burden of dowry and financial dependency on parents. The study concludes that son preference results in many discriminatory practices against female child such as abortion of female fetus, high infant mortality, lower status of daughters bearing mother in the family, short birth spacing, high probability of husband's remarriage and increased chances of being divorced. Humanity Publications In charge/ Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. MSc Student, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/sociocultural-implications-of-son-preference-a-case-of-danyor-gilgit https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2020(III-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393080 2021-06-30 gasr

Normative Orders in Everyday-Life: Being Expatriate in Times of COVID-19 Pandemic and Crisis in Frankfurt am Main Syed Imran Haider Homayun Alam Muhammad Ali Normative Orders COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis Frankfurt In the contemporary world of a strong digital order, yesterday's political borders give the impression of being not that more important. The old world was determined through its concepts of borders, frontiers, statehood, institutions, or the membership of its citizens. The strongholds of a state are its physical borders, politics (process), polity (structures/institutions) and policy (content/normative). This article analyzes how social orders pass on to normative orders in everyday life in times of COVID-19 and crisis for expatriates in Germany's most international city Frankfurt am Main. It tries to reflect how physical borders are influencing still people and to what extent sources of borders are shaping everyday life. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Allama Iqbal Open University, Isalmabad, Pakistan. Goethe University Frankfurt am Main Germany. Department of Sociology, Allama Iqbal Open University, Isalmabad, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/normative-orders-in-everydaylife-being-expatriate-in-times-of-covid19-pandemic-and-crisis-in-frankfurt-am-main https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2021(IV-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393081 2021-06-30 gasr

Limited Formal Education and its Impact of Disease Profile of Older Persons of Rawalpindi Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Aftab Ahmed Muhammad Khurum Irshad Older Persons Aging Disease Profile Education and Disease Elder People Increased life expectancy and low mortality rates are the major reason for the increasing number of the older population. Developed countries are not only facing this problem, but the number of developing countries are also increasing. Pakistan is also among those countries having a greater portion of the older population. Objective: The present study was focused on exploring the relationship between the educational achievement of older persons and their disease profile. Methods: A structured tool was developed to interview 384 older persons. Data were coded and analyzed in SPSS. Male and female participation was with ratio 70:30 while 53.9% sample was age 60-65 years. Results: Most of the respondents were illiterate, followed by primary, secondary, and matriculation degree holder elders. Hypertension, Heart problem, Diabetes, Arthritis, and Asthma issue are observed among older persons. Diabetes is the only disease reported by OPs with a qualification from illiterate to a Master degree with varied percentiles. Regression model [ y=5.0749+.0646x] with R Square = .0013. Conclusion: We conclude that a relationship exists among study variables but non-significantly while the value of R^2tells us how assertive you can be that each distinct variable has some correlation with the dependent variable, which is the important indicator. Humanity Publications Chairman, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Sociology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Sociology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/limited-formal-education-and-its-impact-of-disease-profile-of-older-persons-of-rawalpindi https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2021(IV-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393082 2021-06-30 gasr

Corona Pandemic: Fear and Challenges in Gujrat, Pakistan Ansa Riaz Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Aftab Ahmed COVID-19 Corona Corona and Pakistan Corona and Punjab Corona and Gujrat The biggest health disaster of the 21st century hit the world in Nov-2019 in the Hubei Province of China. The present study focused on the role of socio-cultural practices in the COVID-19 spread. Further geographical mobility discussed as a reason for the spread. It is a qualitative study based on observations, key informants interviews, and desk research. The study revealed three main elements that bring Coronavirus to Gujrat, return of migrant laborers, and pilgrimages, especially from Iran and Saudi Arabia. The paper highlights the role of law enforcement agencies in the implementation of government policies to control the Corona spread. The role of religious institutions carries a significant value as paper research shows how people used the Mosques to get spiritual strength. The study founds that local socio-cultural practices became a major factor behind the high number of Corona cases in Gujrat. Cultural practices and facetious attitudes play a supporting role to spread COVID19 in Gujrat. Humanity Publications Master in Development Studies, University of Melbourne, Australia. Chairman, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Sociology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/corona-pandemic-fear-and-challenges-in-gujrat-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2021(IV-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393083 2021-06-30 gasr

Insignias in Shi'a Ethos and Commemoration: An Anthropological Analysis of Symbolic Interpretation with Colors Riaz Ahmad Muazzmi Faiza Iqbal Ghyas Ahmad Muazzmi Shia Symbolism Commemoration Colors Ritual Alam Shi'a is a popular sect of Muslims all over the world, and they have so many interesting signs and symbols in their culture; it is a need of the hour to explore and get in-depth knowledge about unique symbols which have remarkable latent meanings. This paper deals with the symbolic spiritual interpretation of colors in the Shi'a populace of the Chakwal. An Anthropological qualitative research technique was used to collect empirical data based on a native point of view. The main objectives of the research were to describe the explicit and implicit human cognitive positive & negative connotations of colors and significance of the colors in dresses, 'Alam and ritual performances in the daily life of Shi'a culture. In this paper, an attempt has been made to understand, analyze the historical symbolic meaning of the colors and how socio-culturally people attached with black, red and green colors in the Shi'a community. Humanity Publications Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of Asian Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of Sociology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/insignias-in-shia-ethos-and-commemoration-an-anthropological-analysis-of-symbolic-interpretation-with-colors https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2021(IV-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393084 2021-06-30 gasr

Un Masking the Socio-Cultural Precursors of Miscarriages; Voicing the Unheard Ghazala Idrees Pregnancy Un-Awareness Reproductive Health Uncertain Fears Miscarriages are a trauma that devastates the social and family life of the sufferers. They create unexpected social and psychological problems concerning shakeup in endogamy, physical and mental torture, offensive diatribe from the family males and in-laws. Medical reasons like chromosomes abnormalities, uncontrolled growth of cells, and Rh factor, which are apparently evident in such serious conditions, are conveniently ignored and accepted as a natural process. Pakistan is a traditionalist society where miscarriages among women stem from malnourishment and a lack of basic body-enhancing ingredients. Added to this anomaly is the cruel system based on social discrimination, psychological pressures, political structure that does little for women rights, illiteracy, a cursed baradari system, and non-vibrant socio-economic system and an endless load of domestic labor, psychological and physical torture by the in-laws, deficient nutrition and indigenous healers who are more of quacks. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/un-masking-the-sociocultural-precursors-of-miscarriages-voicing-the-unheard https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2021(IV-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393085 2021-12-30 gasr

Highlighting Socio-Economic Problems of Eunuchs and Community Perception: A Case Study of Eunuchs in Peshawar Muhammad Wasim Ahmad Hussain Ali Hashmi Hijra TGPs Eunuch Transgender This anthropological research aims at finding out the problems faced by the eunuchs of Peshawar. This research aimed at targeting such eunuchs who are not involved in singing and dancing but are involved or trying to get involved in society by working just like anybody else to survive. This research is qualitative by using a descriptive research methodology.Primary data is collected through face-to-face in-depth interviews and case studies. Fifteen respondents are selected through the snowball sampling technique. The research explained how they get taunted or discriminated against by the general public. A few respondents expressed their views about how they are treated in their working area and how they get paid less than other workers at the same place. The findings highlight their problems and suggest a few recommendations so that a change can be brought in the people's attitude towards eunuchs. Humanity Publications Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/highlighting-socioeconomic-problems-of-eunuchs-and-community-perception-a-case-study-of-eunuchs-in-peshawar https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2021(IV-II).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 4, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Social Exploitation of Lower Class and Stratification System in Rawalpindi Momina Irshad Shagufta Hamid Ali Social Stratification Class Exploitation Social Oppression Gender Discrimination Unequal Access to Resources The main objective of the research is to study the exploitation and social oppression resulting in a lack of opportunities or unequal access to resources. The methodology is descriptive based on a constructivist research approach.Furthermore, the triangulation method was employed to avoid rapid saturation. For the sake of collection of data, observation,a structured questionnaire was employed. The sampling design is based on the SRS technique. Sample drawing was the essential constituent of the first phase. The research referred to some of the systems of stratification out of many, existing in societies. It also indicated certain stereotypes and obstructions faced by individuals due to the emergence of stereotypical discourses in society. In the end, the researcher tried to relate an ascribed trait(class or class mobility) with education (which sounds to be an achieved trait but is dependent upon several ascribed factors). Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Anthropology, PirMehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Anthropology, PirMehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/social-exploitation-of-lower-class-and-stratification-system-in-rawalpindi https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2021(IV-II).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 4, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393087 2021-12-30 gasr

Female Illiteracy in Panjgran Kalan, Gujar Khan Ayesha Akhtar Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Female Illiteracy Early Marriage Poverty Poor Education Poor Infrastructure of schools The focus of the study was to define the reasons for female illiteracy in the area of Panjgran Kalan, Gujar Khan,Pakistan. Education is a basic right to humanity irrespective of gender, race, ethnicity or any other identity. But there are certain regions of the world where education is ignored. Female sare the ones who are most probably affected, increasing the female illiteracy rate. In such a scenario, the locale of PanjgranKalan was addressed. The data was collected by the use of in-depth interviews, for which an interview guide was used as atool of study. Out of the total population of 2049 with households of 355, only 36 households were addressed due tocovid-19. Results indicated that there were multiple reasons for female illiteracy in the village of Panjgran Kalan such as early marriage, traditional boundaries, poverty, long-distance from school, lack of awareness, ignorance, poor infrastructure of the school. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/female-illiteracy-in-panjgran-kalan-gujar-khan https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2021(IV-II).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 4, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393088 2021-12-30 gasr

Relationship of Consanguineous Marriages and Genetic Disabilities Among Children Maham Niaz Shagufta Hamid Ali Consanguinity Marriages Genetic Disability Paralysis Endogamy In a genetic term, "consanguinity" basically is a partnership between couples that are correlated by blood or are second cousins or closer than this. Many countries practise consanguineous marriages like Turkey, Lebanon and Pakistan.The research study aimed to provide information to people about the negative effects of consanguineous marriages. For this purpose, the descriptive research study was conducted in Rawalpindi. Furthermore, people were selected through purposive sampling. The results found that Consanguinity prevails due to caste endogamy and it has a very bad impact on the future generation as it causes a lot of genetic or hierarchical problems. Like many kinds of genetic diseases or problems are very common among the offspring having parents who are cousins by blood. Generally, it is a cultural practice to perform endogamy but has adverse effects on the lives of people. The key factor behind prevailing endogamous marriages is lack of education. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/relationship-of-consanguineous-marriages-and-genetic-disabilities-among-children https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2021(IV-II).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 4, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:393089 2021-12-30 gasr

Ethnicity, Ethnic Food and Diabetes Mellitus Type II Fareeha Sarwar Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Ethnicity Food Diabetes Mellitus Type II Medical Anthropology The topic of discussion mainly belongs to the field of medical anthropology. Medical anthropology is linked to applied anthropology and involves the study of biological and cultural aspects of human beings for the explanation of the impact of culture on human health and as well as on diseases.The environment had a great impact on human health. There are many environmental factors that can bring changes in the health of a person like pollution as water pollution air pollution and some the lifestyle factors like physical activities due to the excessive use of TV or mobile phones etc. Descriptive methodology has been used for the collection of data including methods of an in-depth interview.it is concluded that bringing good or positive changes in lifestyle and having good and unpolluted environment can bring good changes in health and keep away a person from chronic diseases like diabetes type-II. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/ethnicity-ethnic-food-and-diabetes-mellitus-type-ii https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2021(IV-II).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 4, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:394087 2022-06-30 gasr

Old-Age Related Cultural Stereotypes: A Case Study of Bhara Kahu, Islamabad Muhammad Sharif Abdul Raheem Jalal Rahim Cultural Stereotypes Aged Population Bhara Kahu This study is aimed at analyzing the cultural stereotypes related to the elderly population. It focuses on the causes of cultural stereotypes and stigmas associated with the elderly population, and the stereotypes affecting the elderly lifestyles. In this regard, researchers have found segregation among the population based on age due to cultural stereotypes. Qualitative research methodology is used, along with the methods of interview and focus group discussion. The stereotyped content model used as a theoretical research guide. The major finding indicated that, owing to stereotypes and stigma, the larger population in the form of the elderly group suffers the most in the shape of isolation, depression, and anxiety. In each sphere, the sociocultural practices revolve around youth, which ignore and put the older population aside. However, this research paper contributes to highlighting societal cultural flaws and raising awareness about specific stereotypes concerning the elderly population. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar in the Department of Sociology, Quaid e Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar in the Department of Sociology, Quaid e Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. MSc, Department of Sociology, Quaid e Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/oldage-related-cultural-stereotypes-a-case-study-of-bhara-kahu-islamabad https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2022(V-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:394088 2022-06-30 gasr

Health of Left behind Families of Overseas Migrants Rashida Aziz Anwaar Mohyuddin Fehmi Aziz Migration Left Behind Families Health Rural Households Remittances Pakistan Health education is least prioritized, in economically sustained households. To measure the influence of migration on the wellbeing of the rural community District Rawalpindi. In qualitative study, purposive sampling was used. Key informant, in-depth interviews, participant observation carried out. Disease prevalence, found observable. International remittance reflected impact on nutritious diet in sickness but people seemed careless about health despite of sustained financial resource. They seemed to become decisively conscious about healthy life and its value unless any family member went through severe disease consequences and sickness. Remittances broadened choices to seek health care preferences among modern medicines and traditional healing methods. Lack of awareness to manage sickness and diseases, people found deprived of health education. Remittances accelerated the reduction in disease financial burden but least productive behaviors towards health. The study revealed health education and disease awareness is mandatory for rural dwellings to achieve Sustained Development Goals (SDGs- 2030). Humanity Publications Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Deptt of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/health-of-left-behind-families-of-overseas-migrants https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2022(V-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:394089 2022-06-30 gasr

Conflicting Role Demands: Work-family Balance and Daily Life Coping Strategies Employed by Pakistani Female Army Doctors Posted at Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Suman Asad Ayesha Masood Working Women Conflicting Role Demands Coping Strategies Female Army Doctors The article focuses on the conflicting role demands of female army doctors and their coping strategies to manage the pressure. From this research, it should be clear that working women face challenges because in Pakistani society it is difficult for women to do a job but still majority of women present who work. These working women face difficulties in managing their work-life. Previous literature indicates that women face hurdles due to their multiple roles in society. The army job is more demanding as compared to others and due to higher demand of this job, women face many problems.To cope with conflicting roles they use different strategies to manage their work and family pressure. Some female doctors use gifts to reduce their problems, some arranged multiple gatherings in their free time to manage the pressure, and some facilitate their families with their wages to continue their job efficiently. Humanity Publications Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/conflicting-role-demands-workfamily-balance-and-daily-life-coping-strategies-employed-by-pakistani-female-army-doctors-posted-at-military-hospital-rawalpindi https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2022(V-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:394090 2022-06-30 gasr

Sociodemographic Factors Contributing to Youth Recidivism: A Case Study of District Swabi Afzal Ahmad Recidivism Swabi Factors Recidivism refers to the tendency of a person who has been released from prison to re-offend and return to prison. It is often measured by the percentage of individuals who are re-arrested, re- convicted, or re-incarcerated within a certain period of time after their release from prison. This study aims to identify the predictors of criminal recidivism in District Swabi. Data pertaining Ex-inmates' data was collected through interviews. Social stigma, unemployment, lack of reintegration, personal distress, violent prisoner, drug abuse, and lack of educational facilities were found to have effects on criminal recidivism, as the respondents revealed based on their experiences, and it is also revealed that such predictors if experienced, can lead to further reoffending. Various strategies have been proposed to address recidivism, including providing education and job training programs for prisoners. Humanity Publications Department of Sociology, University of Swabi, KP, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/sociodemographic-factors-contributing-to-youth-recidivism-a-case-study-of-district-swabi- https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2022(V-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:394091 2022-06-30 gasr

Unveiling the Socio-political and Cultural Well-Being of Internally Migrated People in Gwadar Jalal Rahim Muhammad Sharif Aroosa Kanwal Socio-Political Cultural Well-Being Internally Migrated People Gwadar This research explores the socio-political and cultural well-being of internally migrated people in Gwadar, Pakistan. The study engages qualitative methodology, using semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions as the main data collection methods. The research employs human rights theory, and social capital theory with the framework of migration as the theoretical framework to investigate the phenomenon of internal migration and its impact on the well-being of individuals and communities. The data collected among fourteen respondents by using thematic analysis. The findings of the study revealed that internally migrated people in Gwadar face several challenges related to their socio-political and cultural well-being. These challenges include inadequate access to basic services such as healthcare, education, and housing, as well as discrimination and marginalization based on ethnicity and socioeconomic status. The study recommends that policymakers should prioritize the provision of basic services to internally migrated communities and work towards promoting social cohesion and inclusion. Humanity Publications M.SC, Department of Sociology, Quaid e Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of Sociology, Quaid e Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid e Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/unveiling-the-sociopolitical-and-cultural-wellbeing-of-internally-migrated-people-in-gwadar https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2022(V-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:395001 2023-12-30 gasr

Analyzing the Benefits of Cultural Food Items for Women's Healing after Childbirth Aroosa Kanwal Aneela Sultana Jalal Rahim Food preferences Culture Traditional food Confinement This article deals with the food preferences within the culture and the benefits of traditional food items for a woman after confinement. Within a culture, people have different food choices. Food selection is always defined by cultural, social, environmental, and personal choices. This study looks into the preferred foods within the culture, and how culture shapes the food patterns by emphasizing related traditions. This study tried to explore connections between food and healing by emphasizing traditional food given to new mothers during the period of confinement. The study looks into the benefits, especially those traditional foods that women eat postnatally. Traditional food is consumed by women to increase milk production, overcome anaemia and clean up the inside of the body after delivery. Humanity Publications M.Phil, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. M.Phil., Department of Sociology, Higher school of economics Russia, Russia. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/analyzing-the-benefits-of-cultural-food-items-for-womens-healing-after-childbirth https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2023(VI-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:395002 2023-12-30 gasr

Cultural Challenges Faced By Women in Accessing Maternal Healthcare Services Amna Mukhtar Patriarchy Stigma Taboos Gender Barriers Maternal Health Decision Making Women Autonomy Health Seeking Behavior Women in Pakistan face numerous cultural challenges in accessing maternal healthcare services. The study aims to see what cultural barriers women face in seeking health care services and decision-making. The objective was to study the challenges, women's autonomy, women's health-seeking behavior, and food taboos, that limit access to women attending healthcare services. Using Exploratory methodology, in-depth interviews were held with 24 such women in Jhang Sayedan Islamabad, in May 2023. Findings suggested that although women do want to receive healthcare services, cultural barriers often make it difficult for such women to access healthcare services and food taboos are sometimes useful, but they sometimes also affect women's health negatively. Other challenges such as lack of knowledge, not having the right to decision-making, limited support, hierarchy, and taboos need to be tackled. Men are crucial in deciding a woman's medical requirements and determining whether they need medical assistance or not. Humanity Publications Graduate, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University (PMAS-Arid), Rawalpindi, Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/cultural-challenges-faced-by-women-in-accessing-maternal-healthcare-services https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2023(VI-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:395003 2023-12-30 gasr

A Qualitative Exploration of Abuse among Street Children: Nature, Practices and Dysfunctional Laws Syeda Farwa Street children child abuse exploitation child trafficking child rights substance abuse child protection system. The purpose of the study is to discover the abuse among street children and the socioeconomic factors that push kids into a life on the streets and, social and legal insight from street children from densely populated areas of Islamabad such as G-9 Markaz, I-8 Markaz, Rawal town, and Mehar-Abadi. Data collected from 30 street children, parents, and some government officials indicate that poverty, lack of education, Afghan migration, family troubles and economic position, and peer influence are the main factors of street children becoming involved in social evils and sexual activities. They were subjected to multiple types of abuse, such as verbal, physical, emotional, and sexual abuse besides being talented, their surroundings limited their ability. There is a dire need to establish strategies that should be based on ground realities to protect street children from neglect, abuse, and exploitation. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/a-qualitative-exploration-of-abuse-among-street-children-nature-practices-and-dysfunctional-laws https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2023(VI-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Exploring the Causes of Child Labour and its adverse Implications on Children's Education Sahibzada Aqil Munir Rabia Umer Academic Performance Dropout Rates Societal Norms Child Labor Education Poverty. This study looks at the various reasons why child work occurs as well as how it affects kids' schooling. Using a thorough literature analysis, the study explores the cultural, social, andeconomic aspects that contribute to the continued use of child labor across the world. It examines how cultural norms, poverty, and a lack of educational opportunities contribute to the continuation of this phenomena. This study Examined the detrimental effects on kids' education, such as decreased academic achievement, restricted access to educational materials, and higher dropout rates. The study also looks at possible legislative changes and intervention strategies to lessen child labor and protect kids' right to an education. This research is to educate methods for the prevention and elimination of child labor by illuminating the linked challenges and creating an environment that is favorable to children's holistic development. Humanity Publications Graduate, Department of Law, Edwardes College, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Graduate, Department of Sariah and Law, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/exploring-the-causes-of-child-labour-and-its-adverse-implications-on-childrens-education https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2023(VI-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:395005 2023-12-30 gasr

Productive Management of Garbage: A Case of Rawalpindi Waste Management Company (RWMC) Isma Ellahi Waste Management Garbage Reuse Recycle Restore Dumb Discarded Dispose of Waste Clean and Green Environment Sustainable Waste Management (SWM This study quantifies the role and importance of Rawalpindi Waste Management Company, the whole processesthat take place in it, and the policies on which they work. Urbanization has led to the increasing use of industrial by- products. Industries influence the environment in two folds one is creating waste during the manufacturing process and the second is products make more waste after they are used. Waste is managed by using (R-3) Reuse, Recycle, and Restore. Waste composition varied from time to time and region to region. RWMC’s target is Clean and Green Rawalpindi. Waste from Households, Hospitals, industries, and others is properly discarded by fulfilling the National Environmental Quality Standards. In this regard, the main concern is to focus on ‘’Sustainable Development’’ to secure our environment for the next generations. Humanity Publications Graduate, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/productive-management-of-garbage-a-case-of-rawalpindi-waste-management-company-rwmc https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2023(VI-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gasrjournal.com:395006 2023-12-30 gasr

Altruistic Socio-Economic Spin for Overseas Migration Rashida Aziz Anwaar Mohyuddin Fehmi Aziz Migration International Remittances Altruistic Socio-economic Household Villagers of Chhina, Rawalpindi have been migrating overseas since the 1950s.Their households persist much intensity for development once because of multiple socio-economic factors i.e., limited natural resources and less productivity in agriculture. Unemployment, remittances, and, pleasing social status have played a part in the decision for overseas migration. 47.4 % of villagers as skilled and unskilled workers have been serving in eight differentcountries for a couple of decades. Overseas migration has been influenced by the interrelation of socio-economic, cultural, and kin ties. An altruistic spin opted by villagers to choose a strange region to meet hopeful socio-economic sustainability for their families in the native countries. They have strived for the well-being of their native dependents through remittance. The bulk of money in the form of remittances established a sustainable resource for the uplift of the deprived condition of migrant households. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Zoology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gasrjournal.com/article/altruistic-socioeconomic-spin-for-overseas-migration https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2023(VI-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Anthropological Studies Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan