http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2021(IV-II).03
10.31703/gasr.2021(IV-II).03
Published : Dec 2
Female Illiteracy in Panjgran Kalan, Gujar Khan
The focus of the study was to define the reasons for female illiteracy in the area of Panjgran Kalan, Gujar Khan,Pakistan. Education is a basic right to humanity irrespective of gender, race, ethnicity or any other identity. But there are certain regions of the world where education is ignored. Female sare the ones who are most probably affected, increasing the female illiteracy rate. In such a scenario, the locale of PanjgranKalan was addressed. The data was collected by the use of in-depth interviews, for which an interview guide was used as atool of study. Out of the total population of 2049 with households of 355, only 36 households were addressed due tocovid-19. Results indicated that there were multiple reasons for female illiteracy in the village of Panjgran Kalan such as early marriage, traditional boundaries, poverty, long-distance from school, lack of awareness, ignorance, poor infrastructure of the school.
-
Female Illiteracy, Early Marriage, Poverty, Poor Education, Poor Infrastructure of schools
-
(1) Ayesha Akhtar
M.Phil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry
Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
- Afridi, Z. (2006). Pakistan primary education quality improvement program: Local partners work with rural communities to support high quality education for girls. Academy for Educational Development, 1-20. https://independent.academia.edu/Afridi Zahid
- Aikman, S., & Rao, N. (2012). Gender equality and girls' education: Investigating frameworks, disjunctures and meanings of quality education. Theory and Research in Education, 10(3), 211-228. https://doi.org/10.1177/14778785124593 91
- Andrea, C. G., Ayodele, O., Haroon, B., & Pedro, C. (2017). Income inequality trends in Sub-Saharan Africa: divergence, determinants and consequences. Africa: United Nation Development Programme, Regional Bureau for Africa. https://ideas.repec.org/p/ags/undpar/267 639.html
- Chingtham, T., & Guite, T. (2017). Parental attitude towards girls education . IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education, 7(4), 01-06.
- Devi, M. D. U. (1992). Research perspective for understanding women's education. Educational Journal, 27(24/25) 1279- 1282. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4398516
- Dornbusch, S. M., & Ritter, P. L. (1988). Parents of high school students: A neglected resource. Educational Horizons, 66(2), 75-77. https://www.proquest.com/openview/52 e750d1efb40d76ffda3c42e44ab06d/1.pdf ?pq-origsite=gscholar
- Eram, U. (2017). Review article on attitude of parents towards girls education. Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3(3), 145-147. : http://scholarsmepub.com/
- Evans, J., & Davies, B. (1993). Equality, equity and physical education . Education and Physical Education, 11-27. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/ edit/10.4324/9781315399867- 2/equality-equity-physical-education- john-evans-brian-davies
- Filmer, D., & Pritchett, L. (1999). The effect of household wealth on educational attainments: Evidence from 35 countries. Population and Development Review, 25(1), 85-120. https://www.jstor.org/stable/172373
- Gebreyess, B. F., & Mohammed, M. (2019). Parents perception about girls education and students dropout rate in selected primary schools of Hadiya Zone, Ethopia. American Scientific Research journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, 54(1), 203-212. http://asrjetsjournal.org/
- Han, S. J. (2014). Education plays key role in advancing women, girls, and communities. Washington: World Bank Group. https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/pr ess-release/2014/05/14/education-key- role-women-girls-communities-report
- Jan, N., & Sharma, N. (2019). Parental atttitude toward girl's education: A case study in jahangirabad, Bhopal. International Journal of Advanced Education and Research, 4(1), 12-16.
- Knight, S. (2013). Formulating in-depth interview questions. Department of Health Education and Promotion, 1-4. https://www.scribd.com/document/4087 82644/KNIGHT-Preparing-Interview- Guide
- Mahmood, B., Hussain , H., & Mehmood, K. (2005). Co-education harassing the students of high-level classes: A study conducted in U.A.F and G.C. University, Faisalabad. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, 3(1-2), 28-29. http://www.pjlss.edu.pk/pdf_files/2005_ 1
- Mathangwane, J., & Arua, A. (2006). Family literacy: Attitudes of parents towards reading in rural communities Botswana. The Reading Matrix, 6(2), 46-59
- Mehdi, R. (2007). Gender and property law in Pakistan. MaktabaJadeed Press, 3(3), 61- 70.
- Montero, C., & Tovar, T. (1999). Agenda abierta para la educacion de las ninas rurales . Lima, Peru: Instituto de EstudiosPeruanos, and ForoEducativo. https://www.scribd.com/document/1307 85293/Agenda-abierta-para-la- educacion-de-las-ninas-rurales
- Murtaza, K. F. (2013). Female education in Pakistan. International Journal of Management Science, 1(8), 266-271. https://www.academia.edu/7254427/Fe male_Education_in_Pakistan
- Oztunc, H., Oo, Z. C., & Serin, Z. V. (2015). Effect of female education on economic growth: A cross country empirical study. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 15(2), 349-357. DOI https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2015.2.235 1
- Porter, S. A. (2016). Girls education, development and social change. Policy Futures in Education, 14(5), 517-538. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10. 1177/1478210315625904
- Rehman, A., Jingdong, L., & Hussain, I. (2015). The province-wise literacy rate in Pakistan and its impact on the economy. Pacific Science Review B: Humanities and Social Sciences, 1(3), 140-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psrb.2016.09.00 1
- Saeed, A., Soomro, G. R., & Abro, A. (2012). To analyze the effectiveness of female education in Sindh. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 4(6), 1047-1053. https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/ read/42309130/to-analyze-the- effectiveness-of-female-education-in- sindh-journal-
- Saqib, M., & Ahmad, S. M. (2014). Root causes of low female literacy in FATA Pakistan: (A case study of Jalozai camp). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 4(3), 457-465. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v4- i3/728
- Sen, A. (1992). Missing women. British Medical Journal, 304, 586-587. : https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.304.6827.58 7
- Somekh, B., & Lewin, C. (n.d) Research methods in the social sciences, 1-385. London: Sage publications. http://educationinpakistan.org/wp- content/uploads/2015/09/Research- Methods-in-the-Social-Sciences-by- Bridget-Somekh-and-Cathy-Lewin- SAGE1.pdf
- Stromquist, N. P. (2001). What poverty does to girls education: The intersection of class, gender and policy in Latin America. British Association for International and Comparative Education, 31(1), 39-56. https://www.researchgate.net/publicatio n/44826376_What_Poverty_Does_to_Girls_Education_The_intersection_of_class _gender_and_policy_in_Latin_America
- Zarar, R., Bukhsh, M. M., & Khaskhali, W. A. (2017). Causes and consequences of gender discrimination against women in Quetta city. Arts and Social Science Journal, 8(3), 1-6. Zarar, R., MoulaBukhsh, M., & Khaskheli, W. A. (2017). Causes and Consequences of Gender Discrimination against Women in Quetta City. Arts and Social Sciences Journal, 08(03). https://doi.org/10.4172/2151- 6200.1000277
Cite this article
-
APA : Akhtar, A., & Chaudhry, A. G. (2021). Female Illiteracy in Panjgran Kalan, Gujar Khan. Global Anthropological Studies Review, IV(II), 20-32. https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2021(IV-II).03
-
CHICAGO : Akhtar, Ayesha, and Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry. 2021. "Female Illiteracy in Panjgran Kalan, Gujar Khan." Global Anthropological Studies Review, IV (II): 20-32 doi: 10.31703/gasr.2021(IV-II).03
-
HARVARD : AKHTAR, A. & CHAUDHRY, A. G. 2021. Female Illiteracy in Panjgran Kalan, Gujar Khan. Global Anthropological Studies Review, IV, 20-32.
-
MHRA : Akhtar, Ayesha, and Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry. 2021. "Female Illiteracy in Panjgran Kalan, Gujar Khan." Global Anthropological Studies Review, IV: 20-32
-
MLA : Akhtar, Ayesha, and Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry. "Female Illiteracy in Panjgran Kalan, Gujar Khan." Global Anthropological Studies Review, IV.II (2021): 20-32 Print.
-
OXFORD : Akhtar, Ayesha and Chaudhry, Abid Ghafoor (2021), "Female Illiteracy in Panjgran Kalan, Gujar Khan", Global Anthropological Studies Review, IV (II), 20-32
-
TURABIAN : Akhtar, Ayesha, and Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry. "Female Illiteracy in Panjgran Kalan, Gujar Khan." Global Anthropological Studies Review IV, no. II (2021): 20-32. https://doi.org/10.31703/gasr.2021(IV-II).03